(1) 酚类抗氧化剂
Phenolic antioxidants are the most widely used and most abundant antioxidants in polymer materials. The phenolic hydroxyl group in phenolic antioxidants can release active hydrogen to capture the ‘key offender’ free radicals in polymer degradation. Natural products such as VE, tea polyphenols, and low molecular compounds such as 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol (BHT) are phenolic antioxidants. Hindered phenolic antioxidants are a class of compounds with substituents on one or both sides of the hydroxyl group (-OH) on the benzene ring. Because the hydroxyl group is spatially hindered, the H atom is easily dislodged from the molecule with peroxyl radicals (ROO .) , alkoxyl radicals (RO.), hydroxyl radicals (.OH), etc. to combine to make them inactive, thus terminating the chain reaction of thermo-oxidative aging. Hindered phenolic antioxidants are non-polluting products and are suitable for colourless or light-coloured products. Moreover, hindered phenolic antioxidants have large molecular weight, good compatibility with polymer materials and low toxicity, so the consumption ratio of high molecular weight hindered phenolic varieties represented by 1010 and 1076 increases year by year, while 1010 becomes the most excellent product among polymer antioxidants with high molecular weight, good compatibility with polymer materials, excellent antioxidant effect, good safety, and the largest consumption.
(2) 亚磷酸抗氧化剂
亚磷酸抗氧剂的主要作用是去除氢过氧化物，不仅聚合物降解会产生氢过氧化物，而且主抗氧剂在抑制氢过氧化物加入的同时也会产生氢过氧化物。因此，作为辅助抗氧化剂，亚磷酸抗氧化剂单独使用时效果不大，但与主抗氧化剂一起使用时效果显著。亚磷酸抗氧剂的代表产品 168 是国内产量和消费量仅次于 1010 的抗氧剂品种。626和618主要用于300℃左右高温加工的高分子材料或制品，作用是有效提高高分子材料的抗高温热氧化能力，同时保持高分子制品的良好外观。
(3) 硫抗氧化剂
含硫抗氧剂与含磷抗氧剂的作用相似，主要作用是清除氢过氧化物，也可作为辅助抗氧剂。国内生产的含硫抗氧剂按分子结构可分为硫酯抗氧剂、硫双酚抗氧剂和硫醚酚抗氧剂3个品种。硫双酚抗氧剂分子中含有受阻酚结构，在高分子材料中表现出较高的耐氧性、耐热性，通常将硫双酚抗氧剂分为主要类型的受阻酚抗氧剂。
(4) 金属离子钝化剂
金属离子钝化剂含有酰肼、肟和醛胺缩合物等配位基团，可络合金属离子。最具代表性的产品是 1024，它是一种二酰肼类化合物，还含有组合受阻酚官能团，使产品既具有抗铜性，又具有抗热氧老化性。
(5) 芳香胺抗氧化剂
芳香胺类抗氧剂是由氨基苯酚或对苯二酚与苯胺缩合生成的，这类产品颜色较深，是一种污染性抗氧剂，且大部分产品都有一定的毒性，在橡胶制品、其他高分子材料中大量使用，使用量较少，这类抗氧剂也被称为防老剂。
