1.Key application areas
Rubber Industry:
Tyre vulcanisation:
Sulphur + accelerator (CBS 1.2phr + S₈ 2.5phr)
Crosslink density: 4×10-⁴ mol/cm³
30% reduction in dynamic heat generation
Sealing products:
Peroxide vulcanised EPDM (DCP 1.5%)
Compression permanent deformation <20% (150℃×70h)
Plastic modification:
Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE):
Silane grafting method (VTMS 2% + catalyst)
Temperature resistance grade from 70°C → 90°C
Breakdown strength >30kV/mm
Polypropylene foaming:
Radiation crosslinking (electron beam 50kGy)
Bubble density＞10⁶ cells/cm³
Biomaterials:
Hydrogel:
Photoinitiated crosslinking (Irgacure 2959 0.1%)
Dissolution rate >500 per cent
Cytocompatibility >95%
Medical catheters:
Peroxide cross-linked silicone rubber
Tear strength >30kN/m
2 Typical problem solutions
Uneven crosslinking:
Cause: Poor dispersion or temperature gradient
Countermeasure:
Use twin-screw extruder (shear rate > 500s-¹)
Temperature rise in stages (e.g. 120°C → 160°C step vulcanisation)
Side reaction control:
Peroxide system pre-crosslinking:
Addition of TAIC (Triallyl Isocyanurate) 1 per cent.
Coking time extended to >10min (160°C)
Insufficient cross-linking:
Silane cross-linked polyethylene:
Increase hydrolysis temperature to 90°C
Add dibutyltin dilaurate (0.1%)