{"id":9506,"date":"2026-01-28T06:06:15","date_gmt":"2026-01-28T06:06:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/changhongchemical.com\/?p=9506"},"modified":"2026-04-27T11:16:12","modified_gmt":"2026-04-27T11:16:12","slug":"9506-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/changhongchemical.com\/fr\/9506-2\/","title":{"rendered":"L'\u00e2me des mat\u00e9riaux photodurcissables : Les photo-initiateurs"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1><strong><b>L'\u00e2me des mat\u00e9riaux photodurcissables : Les photo-initiateurs<\/b><\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>Dans le monde des mat\u00e9riaux photodurcissables, il existe un ingr\u00e9dient qui, bien qu'il ne repr\u00e9sente que 2%-5% de la formule, agit comme une \"cl\u00e9\" dans les r\u00e9actions chimiques, d\u00e9terminant le succ\u00e8s ou l'\u00e9chec de l'ensemble du processus de durcissement : il s'agit du photo-initiateur. Au c\u0153ur de la technologie de photopolym\u00e9risation, les photo-initiateurs d\u00e9clenchent rapidement des r\u00e9actions de polym\u00e9risation apr\u00e8s avoir absorb\u00e9 l'\u00e9nergie lumineuse, transformant les r\u00e9sines liquides en mat\u00e9riaux solides en l'espace de quelques secondes. Ils sont largement utilis\u00e9s dans les encres, les rev\u00eatements, les adh\u00e9sifs, l'impression 3D et d'autres domaines. Le contenu suivant passera syst\u00e9matiquement en revue les concepts de base, les types, les caract\u00e9ristiques et les tendances de d\u00e9veloppement, vous permettant ainsi de mieux comprendre la \"grande sagesse\" qui se cache derri\u00e8re ce \"petit joueur\".<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9507\" src=\"https:\/\/changhongchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Photoinitiator.webp\" alt=\"Photoinitiateur\" width=\"3462\" height=\"1198\" srcset=\"https:\/\/changhongchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Photoinitiator.webp 3462w, https:\/\/changhongchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Photoinitiator-768x266.webp 768w, https:\/\/changhongchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Photoinitiator-1536x532.webp 1536w, https:\/\/changhongchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Photoinitiator-2048x709.webp 2048w, https:\/\/changhongchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Photoinitiator-18x6.webp 18w, https:\/\/changhongchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Photoinitiator-1280x443.webp 1280w, https:\/\/changhongchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Photoinitiator-600x208.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3462px) 100vw, 3462px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><strong style=\"color: #222222;\"><b>I. Analyse conceptuelle : Qu'est-ce qu'un photo-initiateur ?<\/b><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Les photo-initiateurs, \u00e9galement appel\u00e9s photosensibilisateurs ou agents de photopolym\u00e9risation, sont des substances qui, sous l'effet d'une irradiation lumineuse, absorbent l'\u00e9nergie \u00e0 des longueurs d'onde sp\u00e9cifiques, formant un \u00e9tat excit\u00e9 et g\u00e9n\u00e9rant ensuite des radicaux libres ou des cations actifs, initiant ainsi les r\u00e9actions de polym\u00e9risation et de r\u00e9ticulation des monom\u00e8res ou des oligom\u00e8res.<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>Leur m\u00e9canisme d'action peut \u00eatre r\u00e9sum\u00e9 comme suit :<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ils absorbent l'\u00e9nergie des photons dans la r\u00e9gion de l'ultraviolet (250-420 nm) ou de la lumi\u00e8re visible (400-800 nm), passant \u00e0 un \u00e9tat excit\u00e9.  Ensuite, ils g\u00e9n\u00e8rent des radicaux libres actifs par clivage homolytique des liaisons chimiques (type clivage) ou des r\u00e9actions d'abstraction d'hydrog\u00e8ne (type abstraction d'hydrog\u00e8ne), ou initient une polym\u00e9risation cationique en g\u00e9n\u00e9rant des acides protoniques forts, ce qui favorise finalement le durcissement et la mise en forme du syst\u00e8me.<\/p>\n<h3><b><\/b><strong><b>II. Classification des photo-initiateurs<\/b><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong><b>(1) Classification par m\u00e9canisme de photolyse<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<h4><strong>1. Photoinitiateurs radicaux libres de type clivage<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Apr\u00e8s avoir absorb\u00e9 l'\u00e9nergie lumineuse, la mol\u00e9cule passe \u00e0 un \u00e9tat excit\u00e9 et les liaisons faibles de sa structure subissent un clivage homolytique, g\u00e9n\u00e9rant directement des radicaux libres actifs.<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>Exemples typiques :<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Benjoin et ses d\u00e9riv\u00e9s (par exemple, \u00e9thers de benzo\u00efne)<\/li>\n<li>\u03b1-hydroxyketone derivatives (e.g., <a href=\"https:\/\/changhongchemical.com\/product\/irgacure-1173-cas-7473-98-5\/\">1173<\/a>, 184, 2959)<\/li>\n<li>\u03b1-aminoalkylac\u00e9toph\u00e9nones (par exemple, 907, 369)<\/li>\n<li>Oxydes d'acylphosphine (par exemple, TPO, 819)<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9508\" src=\"https:\/\/changhongchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Photoinitiator-1173.webp\" alt=\"Photoinitiateur 1173\" width=\"3462\" height=\"1351\" srcset=\"https:\/\/changhongchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Photoinitiator-1173.webp 3462w, https:\/\/changhongchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Photoinitiator-1173-768x300.webp 768w, https:\/\/changhongchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Photoinitiator-1173-1536x599.webp 1536w, https:\/\/changhongchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Photoinitiator-1173-2048x799.webp 2048w, https:\/\/changhongchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Photoinitiator-1173-18x7.webp 18w, https:\/\/changhongchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Photoinitiator-1173-1280x500.webp 1280w, https:\/\/changhongchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Photoinitiator-1173-600x234.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3462px) 100vw, 3462px\" \/><br \/>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<p><strong>2. l'hydrog\u00e8ne<b> Photoinitiateurs radicaux libres de type abstraction<\/b><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Le photo-initiateur \u00e0 l'\u00e9tat excit\u00e9 extrait un atome d'hydrog\u00e8ne d'un donneur d'atome d'hydrog\u00e8ne (tel qu'un monom\u00e8re ou un pr\u00e9polym\u00e8re), ce qui en fait un radical libre actif.<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>Exemples typiques :<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/changhongchemical.com\/product\/photoinitiator-bp-cas-119-61-9\/\">Benzoph\u00e9none<\/a> and its derivatives<\/li>\n<li>D\u00e9riv\u00e9s de la thioxanthone (par exemple ITX, DETX)<\/li>\n<li>D\u00e9riv\u00e9s de l'anthraquinone (par exemple, 2-\u00e9thylanthraquinone)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\n<h4><strong><b>Photoinitiateurs cationiques<\/b><\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Apr\u00e8s irradiation, ils produisent des acides protoniques tr\u00e8s puissants (acides de Br\u00f8nsted ou acides de Lewis), qui d\u00e9clenchent la polym\u00e9risation cationique de monom\u00e8res tels que les \u00e9poxydes et les \u00e9thers de vinyle.<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>Exemples typiques :<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sels d'iodonium, sels de sulfonium, sels d'ar\u00e8ne de fer, etc.<\/li>\n<li>Caract\u00e9ristiques : Faible retrait de polym\u00e9risation, forte adh\u00e9rence et non inhib\u00e9e par l'oxyg\u00e8ne.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><b>(2) Classification bas\u00e9e sur les caract\u00e9ristiques structurelles<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Cat\u00e9gorie<\/td>\n<td width=\"162\">Exemples typiques<\/td>\n<td width=\"117\">Longueur d'onde d'absorption\uff08nm\uff09<\/td>\n<td>Caract\u00e9ristiques et applications<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><b>D\u00e9riv\u00e9s du benjoin<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"162\">Benjoin, \u00e9ther de benzo\u00efne<\/td>\n<td width=\"117\">300~400<\/td>\n<td>Il est peu co\u00fbteux, mais sa stabilit\u00e9 thermique est m\u00e9diocre et il a tendance \u00e0 jaunir, c'est pourquoi il a \u00e9t\u00e9 progressivement abandonn\u00e9.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><b>D\u00e9riv\u00e9s du benjoin<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"162\">BDK (ac\u00e9tal d'\u03b1,\u03b1'-dim\u00e9thylbenzoin)<\/td>\n<td width=\"117\">254, 337-\u00a0390<\/td>\n<td>Il pr\u00e9sente une r\u00e9activit\u00e9 \u00e9lev\u00e9e mais est susceptible de jaunir (les produits de photod\u00e9gradation contiennent des structures de type quinone).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><b>D\u00e9riv\u00e9s d'ac\u00e9toph\u00e9none<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"162\">DEAP<\/td>\n<td width=\"117\">242, 325<\/td>\n<td>Il offre un rendement \u00e9lev\u00e9, mais sa stabilit\u00e9 thermique est m\u00e9diocre et il est relativement co\u00fbteux.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><b>\u03b1-hydroxyc\u00e9tones<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"162\">1173, 184, 2959<\/td>\n<td width=\"117\">245~333<\/td>\n<td>Il pr\u00e9sente une bonne stabilit\u00e9 thermique et une bonne r\u00e9sistance au jaunissement. Il est largement utilis\u00e9 dans les couches de finition, les rev\u00eatements pour le bois, etc.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><b>\u03b1-aminoc\u00e9tones<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"162\">907, 369<\/td>\n<td width=\"117\">230~324<\/td>\n<td>Activit\u00e9 \u00e9lev\u00e9e, convient aux syst\u00e8mes color\u00e9s ; certaines vari\u00e9t\u00e9s pr\u00e9sentent des limitations dues au jaunissement ou \u00e0 la toxicit\u00e9.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><b>Thioxanthones<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"162\">ITX, DETX<\/td>\n<td width=\"117\">257~430<\/td>\n<td>Absorption \u00e0 grande longueur d'onde, couramment utilis\u00e9e pour le durcissement de couches \u00e9paisses ou de syst\u00e8mes color\u00e9s.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong><b>Anthraquinones<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"162\">2-\u00e9thylanthraquinone<\/td>\n<td width=\"117\">256~430<\/td>\n<td>Il est insensible \u00e0 l'inhibition de l'oxyg\u00e8ne et est souvent utilis\u00e9 dans les encres pour masques de soudure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><strong><b>III. Caract\u00e9ristiques et principes de s\u00e9lection des photo-initiateurs<\/b><\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><strong><b>(1) Principes de s\u00e9lection<\/b><\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><b> Correspondance spectrale :<\/b><\/strong>Le spectre d'absorption de l'initiateur doit se superposer au spectre d'\u00e9mission de la source lumineuse et avoir un coefficient d'extinction molaire \u00e9lev\u00e9.<\/li>\n<li><strong><b> Efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9lev\u00e9e et \u00e9conomie : <\/b><\/strong>Bonne solubilit\u00e9, forte r\u00e9activit\u00e9 et faible dosage.<\/li>\n<li><strong><b> Stabilit\u00e9 :<\/b><\/strong>Stable pendant le stockage et ne se d\u00e9compose pas en dessous de 85\u00b0C.<\/li>\n<li><strong><b> Compatibilit\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me : <\/b><\/strong>S\u00e9lectionner un initiateur ayant une activit\u00e9 appropri\u00e9e en fonction du type de pr\u00e9polym\u00e8re\/monom\u00e8re.<\/li>\n<li><strong><b> Utilisation combin\u00e9e : <\/b><\/strong>Utilisation de plusieurs initiateurs en combinaison pour \u00e9largir la gamme de longueurs d'onde d'absorption et am\u00e9liorer la vitesse et la profondeur de durcissement.<\/li>\n<li><strong><b> Respect de l'environnement et s\u00e9curit\u00e9 : <\/b><\/strong>Faible odeur, faible toxicit\u00e9 et respect de l'environnement.<\/li>\n<li><strong><b> Co\u00fbt contr\u00f4lable : <\/b><\/strong>Processus de synth\u00e8se simple et mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res facilement disponibles.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong><b>(2) Nouvelles tendances en mati\u00e8re de d\u00e9veloppement<\/b><\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><b> Syst\u00e8mes hybrides :<\/b><\/strong>Combinaison de photo-initiateurs cationiques et de radicaux libres, offrant les avantages d'un durcissement rapide, d'un faible retrait et d'une forte adh\u00e9rence.<\/li>\n<li><strong><b> Photoinitiateurs \u00e0 lumi\u00e8re visible :<\/b><\/strong>Tels que les compos\u00e9s de titanoc\u00e8ne (Irgacure 784), dont les longueurs d'onde d'absorption s'\u00e9tendent jusqu'\u00e0 500 nm et qui conviennent aux syst\u00e8mes de durcissement \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re visible.<\/li>\n<li><strong><b> Photoinitiateurs \u00e0 base d'eau : <\/b><\/strong>Introduction de groupes hydrophiles (tels que les sulfonates) pour am\u00e9liorer la compatibilit\u00e9 avec l'eau, convenant aux rev\u00eatements \u00e0 base d'eau respectueux de l'environnement.<\/li>\n<li><strong><b> Photoinitiateurs macromol\u00e9culaires : <\/b><\/strong>Incorporation de photo-initiateurs dans les cha\u00eenes de polym\u00e8res pour am\u00e9liorer la compatibilit\u00e9 et r\u00e9duire la migration et l'odeur.<\/li>\n<li><strong><b> Syst\u00e8mes de polym\u00e9risation double :<\/b><\/strong>Combinaison de la photopolym\u00e9risation avec le durcissement thermique, le durcissement \u00e0 l'humidit\u00e9, etc., pour r\u00e9soudre le probl\u00e8me du durcissement dans les zones ombrag\u00e9es et am\u00e9liorer les performances du mat\u00e9riau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong><b>Conclusion : De petits composants pour un grand avenir<\/b><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Bien que les photo-initiateurs ne repr\u00e9sentent qu'un faible pourcentage de la formulation, ils sont essentiels pour obtenir un durcissement efficace et pr\u00e9cis des mat\u00e9riaux photodurcissables. Face aux exigences environnementales croissantes et \u00e0 l'\u00e9largissement des sc\u00e9narios d'application, les photo-initiateurs \u00e9voluent en permanence vers une plus grande efficacit\u00e9, une plus grande s\u00e9curit\u00e9, une applicabilit\u00e9 plus large et un meilleur respect de l'environnement. De l'ultraviolet \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re visible, des syst\u00e8mes \u00e0 base d'huile \u00e0 ceux \u00e0 base d'eau, et des m\u00e9canismes \u00e0 d\u00e9clenchement unique \u00e0 ceux \u00e0 double durcissement, chaque perc\u00e9e dans cette technologie insuffle une nouvelle vitalit\u00e9 dans des domaines tels que la fabrication \u00e9cologique, les rev\u00eatements intelligents et l'impression 3D. \u00c0 l'avenir, les photo-initiateurs continueront \u00e0 jouer un r\u00f4le essentiel dans l'\u00e9largissement des applications de la technologie photodurcissable.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the world of photocurable materials, there is an ingredient that, although only accounting for 2%-5% of the formula, acts like a &#8220;key&#8221; in chemical reactions, determining the success or failure of the entire&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[185],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9506","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-photoinitiator"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The &quot;Soul&quot; of Photocurable Materials: Photoinitiators- Changhong Chemical<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover the essential role of photoinitiators\u2014the key to photocurable materials. 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